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Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Description: Beta-Defensin 3 (BD-3), also known as DEFB-3, is a member of the defensin class of antimicrobial peptides. Beta defensins exert host defense responses against viruses, bacteria, and fungi through the binding and permeabilizing of microbial membranes. BD-3 expression is stimulated by interferon-gamma and is an important molecule during adaptive immunity. BD-3 functions to activate monocytes and mast cells, and has antibacterial functions towards Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Further, BD-3 blocks human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication through the downregulation of the HIV-1 co-receptor, CXCR4.

Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Description: Fibroblast growth factor 6 (FGF-6) is a heparin-binding growth factor that is expressed in epithelial and mesenchymal lineages. FGF-6 binds and signals through the FGF receptors FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR4. FGF-6 functions as a mitogen for vascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts. FGF-6 is also an important factor driving muscle differentiation and regeneration.

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Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Description: Fibroblast growth factor 5 (FGF-5) is a secreted heparin-binding growth factor that binds to FGF receptors 1 and 2 (FGFR1 and FGFR2). FGF-5 is expressed in the mesenchyme, skeletal muscles, central nervous system, and hair follicles to promote cell differentiation and proliferation. FGF-5 functions as a regulatory factor during hair elongation and skeletal muscle development.

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Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Description: Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is produced by monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs).  IL-1β signals through the IL-1 receptor, type 1 (IL-1R1) to activate the myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD88) signaling pathway, which contains the cytoplasmic Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain adapter.

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Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Description: The globular subunit of adipocyte complement-related protein of 30 kDa (ACRP-30) is a naturally occurring cleavage product of adiponectin, a protein made exclusively by adipocytes. ACRP-30 is an abundant serum protein and plays an important role in hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and fatty acid oxidation. ACRP-30 signals through adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and adiponectin receptor 2 (AdipoR2).

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Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Description: Activin A is a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) family of proteins and functions to stimulate follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion. Activins are produced in many tissue types including the skin, gonads, lungs, and pituitary gland. Activins interact with receptor type I and type II serine/threonine protein kinases, to activate SMAD signaling and regulate diverse cellular functions, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, wound healing, apoptosis, and metabolism. Activin A is a homodimer comprised of two activin βA chains. Cleavage of the N-terminal propeptide renders the Activin protein biologically active. Human Activin A shares 100% amino acid sequence identity with mouse, rat, porcine, bovine, and feline Activin A proteins.

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Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Description: Placenta growth factor (PlGF) is a member of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and promotes endothelial cell growth and angiogenesis. PlGF is secreted as a homodimer and may also form a heterodimer with VEGF. PlGF is detected in the placenta, heart, lungs, thyroid, and adipose tissues. Circulating PlGF levels are correlated with colorectal and renal cancers, as well as atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease. There are four alternatively spliced PlGF isoforms (PlGF-1, PlGF-2, PlGF-3, and PlGF-4), each with unique secretion patterns and heparin-binding affinities. PlGF-3 lacks a heparin-binding domain and signals through the VEGFR-1 receptor.

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Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Description: PDGF-BB (Platelet-derived growth factor) comprises a family of homo or heterodimeric growth factors, including PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB, PDGF-CC, and PDGF-DD. Binds to two different transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptors (PDGFR-alpha and PDFGR-beta). Released from degranulating platelets and plays a role in each stage of wound healing. Stimulates mitogenicity and chemotaxis of neutrophils, macrophages, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells to the wound site.

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Catalog Number: (77661-230)

Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Description: Cytokines for human neuronal cell culture. Neural Stem Cells (NSC) are self-renewing cells, of the neural lineage, capable of generating neurons (GABA, dopamine and motor neurons), astrocytes and oligodenrocytes. NSCs are marked by expression of Nestin and can be derived from fetal neural stem cells, adult neural stem cells, embryonic stem cells and adult somatic cells. NSCs are typically expanded and maintained in 2D monolayers or 3D neurosphere cultures containing recombinant EGF and FGF-basic (also called FGF-2 or FGFb). To differentiate NSCs to more specific cell types, the EGF and FGF-basic containing media is often replaced with media containing various cocktails of BDNF, SHH, FGF-8, CNTF, LIF, BMP-4, NT-3, NT-4, PDGFs and other cytokines. Recombinant human EGF and FGF-basic show cross-species reactivity so they are sometimes used in mouse and/or rat cultures.

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Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Description: Indian hedgehog (IHH) is an essential signaling factor that is secreted in the gut, cartilage, and bone during embryonic development. IHH acts through the patched (PTC) receptor to induce transcriptional changes important for bone and cartilage development. IHH also induces the expression of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP), which in turn mediates IHH activity during chondrocyte differentiation, forming a negative feedback loop.

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Catalog Number: (77661-212)

Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Description: Cytokines for expansion and cell culture of mouse hematopoietic stem cells to progenitor cells. Hematopoietic stem cells are self renewing pluripotent cells often characterized by the expression of CD34. Studies have shown that decreased expression of CD34 tends to correlate with the decreased self renewal properties and pluripotent potential. Culturing CD34+ cells in a cytokine mixture of SCF, FLT-3 Ligand, IL-6 and IL-3 for short time periods allows rapid expansion of immature and more mature hematopoietic progenitor cells in cord blood or bone marrow preparations. If the goal is to only expand the most immature progenitor and stem cells, it is recommended that a combination of TPO, SCF and FLT-3 Ligand are used (Catalog: PB-500-04). Either cytokine combination can also be supplemented with other cytokines to promote specific lineages.

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Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Description: Stem cell factor (SCF) is a cytokine made by fibroblasts and endothelial cells. SCF binds to the receptor c-Kit/CD117 and plays a critical role in the maintenance, survival, and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. While human SCF shows no activity on murine cells, murine and rat SCF are active on human cells.

Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Description: Interleukin 33 (IL-33) is a member of the IL-1 cytokine family and is constitutively expressed in smooth muscle and airway epithelial cells. IL-33 signals through the interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 (IL-1R1) and interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP) receptors to ativate NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. IL-33 functions to induce type 2 cytokine production in polarized Type 2 helper T (Th2) cells.

Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Description: Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is an inducer of cell-mediated immunity and is produced by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells after antigen stimulation. IL-12 functions to promote naïve T cell differentiation into the type 1 T helper cell (Th1) lineage. IL-12 also stimulates the production of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) from T cells and natural killer cells. Mouse IL-12 is active on human and mouse cells. 

Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Description: Nerve growth factor beta (β-NGF) is a neurotrophic factor that is important for the development and maintenance of sensory and sympathetic neurons. β-NGF signals through the low affinity nerve growth factor receptor (LNGFR) and the tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) to activate PI3K, Ras, and PLC signaling pathways. β-NGF is also involved in the growth, differentiation, and survival of B lymphocytes. Human, mouse, and rat β-NGF proteins are cross-reactive.

Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Description: Resistin-like molecule-alpha (RELM-α) is a member of the RELM family of secreted proteins containing conserved C-terminus cysteines. The RELM family consists of Resistin (FIZZ3), RELM-α (FIZZ1), RELM-β (FIZZ2), and RELM-γ (FIZZ4). RELM-α and Resistin are secreted by adipocytes, unlike RELM-β which is secreted by gastrointestinal epithelial cells, and RELM-γ which is expressed by peripheal blood granulocytes and bone marrow cells.