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Supplier: Enzo Life Sciences
Description: Alkylates DNA, forming DNA-DNA cross-links that result in inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell death

Catalog Number: (10481-400)
Supplier: Bioss
Description: Peroxiredoxin (Prx) is an antioxidant enzyme detoxifying reactive oxygen species and has a cysteine at the active site. Prx enzymes modulate various receptor signaling pathways and protect cells from oxidatively induced death. Peroxiredoxin 1 to 4 have two conserved Cys residues corresponding to Cys51 and Cys172 of mammalian Peroxiredoxin 1. The active site cysteine(Cys51) is oxidized to cysteine sulfenic acid(Cys51-SOH) when a peroxide is reduced. Because Cys51-SOH is unstable, it forms a disulfide with Cys172-SH which comes from the other subunit of the homodimer. The disulfide is then reduced back to the Prx active thiol form by the thioredoxin-thioredoxin reductase system. However, the formation of the disulfide is a slow process. Thus under oxidative stress conditions, the sulfenic intermediate(Cys51-SOH) can be easily over oxidized to cysteine sulfinic acid(Cys-SO2H) or cysteine sulfonic acid(Cys-SO3H) before it is able to form a disulfide. Recent studies suggest that over oxidized Prx can be reduced back to the active form during recovery after oxidative stress.


Catalog Number: (10481-394)
Supplier: Bioss
Description: Peroxiredoxin (Prx) is an antioxidant enzyme detoxifying reactive oxygen species and has a cysteine at the active site. Prx enzymes modulate various receptor signaling pathways and protect cells from oxidatively induced death. Peroxiredoxin 1 to 4 have two conserved Cys residues corresponding to Cys51 and Cys172 of mammalian Peroxiredoxin 1. The active site cysteine(Cys51) is oxidized to cysteine sulfenic acid(Cys51-SOH) when a peroxide is reduced. Because Cys51-SOH is unstable, it forms a disulfide with Cys172-SH which comes from the other subunit of the homodimer. The disulfide is then reduced back to the Prx active thiol form by the thioredoxin-thioredoxin reductase system. However, the formation of the disulfide is a slow process. Thus under oxidative stress conditions, the sulfenic intermediate(Cys51-SOH) can be easily over oxidized to cysteine sulfinic acid(Cys-SO2H) or cysteine sulfonic acid(Cys-SO3H) before it is able to form a disulfide. Recent studies suggest that over oxidized Prx can be reduced back to the active form during recovery after oxidative stress.


Catalog Number: (10481-396)
Supplier: Bioss
Description: Peroxiredoxin (Prx) is an antioxidant enzyme detoxifying reactive oxygen species and has a cysteine at the active site. Prx enzymes modulate various receptor signaling pathways and protect cells from oxidatively induced death. Peroxiredoxin 1 to 4 have two conserved Cys residues corresponding to Cys51 and Cys172 of mammalian Peroxiredoxin 1. The active site cysteine(Cys51) is oxidized to cysteine sulfenic acid(Cys51-SOH) when a peroxide is reduced. Because Cys51-SOH is unstable, it forms a disulfide with Cys172-SH which comes from the other subunit of the homodimer. The disulfide is then reduced back to the Prx active thiol form by the thioredoxin-thioredoxin reductase system. However, the formation of the disulfide is a slow process. Thus under oxidative stress conditions, the sulfenic intermediate(Cys51-SOH) can be easily over oxidized to cysteine sulfinic acid(Cys-SO2H) or cysteine sulfonic acid(Cys-SO3H) before it is able to form a disulfide. Recent studies suggest that over oxidized Prx can be reduced back to the active form during recovery after oxidative stress.


Catalog Number: (89359-612)
Supplier: Genetex
Description: Heme oxygenase (HO) is a microsomal enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of heme to the antioxidant molecules, biliverdin and carbon monoxide. HO consists of two homologous isozymes, an inducible HO1 and a constitutively expressed HO2. HO1 is induced by a wide variety of stimuli including conditions of oxidative stress, inflammatory agents, transforming growth factor beta and heat shock. The increase in expression of HO1 is thought to be a cellular defense mechanism against oxidative stress since elevated HO could eventually generate more bilirubin, an anti-oxidant.


Catalog Number: (10095-882)
Supplier: Proteintech
Description: TXN, TRDX, TRX, TRX1, ADF and SASP, belongs to the thioredoxin family. It participates in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. TXN plays a role in the reversible S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues in target proteins, and thereby contributes to the response to intracellular nitric oxide. Nitrosylates the active site Cys of CASP3 in response to nitric oxide (NO), and thereby inhibits caspase-3 activity. TXN induces the FOS/JUN AP-1 DNA-binding activity in ionizing radiation (IR) cells through its oxidation/reduction status and stimulates AP-1 transcriptional activity.


Catalog Number: (10435-124)
Supplier: Bioss
Description: Aldehydic products of lipid peroxidation, such as 4 hydroxynonenal (4 HNE), have been implicated in the etiology of pathological changes under oxidative stress as a key mediator of oxidative stress induced cell death. It is a stable product of lipid peroxidation, is proarrhythmic and may contribute to the cytotoxic effects of oxidative stress

4-HNE has been hypothesized to play a key role in cell signal transduction, in a variety of pathways from cell cycle events to cellular adhesion.


Catalog Number: (BJBR665-4)
Supplier: Honeywell Research Chemicals
Description: Burdick & Jackson™ BioSyn™ reagents & solvents for DNA/RNA synthesis

Supplier: Thermo Scientific Chemicals
Description: MDL: MFCD00011263
Catalog Number: (77512-444)
Supplier: AFG Bioscience
Description: Rat NOS3 (Nitric Oxide Synthase 3, Endothelial) ELISA Kit


Catalog Number: (77520-028)
Supplier: AFG Bioscience
Description: Human AS3MT (Arsenic, 3-Oxidation State Methyltransferase) ELISA Kit


Supplier: Enzo Life Sciences
Description: Nitric oxide (NO) donor.

Catalog Number: (77506-958)
Supplier: TERRAGENE
Description: Self-contained biological indicator for ethylene oxide sterilization processes. <i>Bacillus</i> <i>atrophaeus</i> (ATCC® 9372) 10⁶ spores per vial. Readout: 48 hours.


Catalog Number: (75792-016)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: Cytoglobin is a ubiquitously globin protein that belongs to the globin family. The highest expressed in heart, stomach, bladder and small intestine. CYGB acts a protector under conditions of oxidative stress. CYGB may be involved in intracellular oxygen storage or transfer, modulates oxygen and nitric oxide metabolism or scavenging free radicals within a cell.


Catalog Number: (CA80055-990)
Supplier: MilliporeSigma
Description: Inhibitor of calpain I (Ki=120nM), calpain II (Ki=230nM), cathepsin B (Ki=100nM), and cathepsin L (Ki=0.6nM). Inhibits activation-induced programmed cell death and restores defective immune responses in HIV+ donors. Also prevents nitric oxide production by activated macrophages by interfering with transcription of the inducible nitric oxide synthase gene.

Supplier: Thermo Scientific Chemicals
Description: As a chemical intermediate
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