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Catalog Number: (89351-794)
Supplier: Genetex
Description: The pocket protein family consists of three structurally and functionally related proteins, Rb, p107, and p130 (1). This family of tumor suppressors function to regulate important cellular transcription factors, such as the E2F family (1,2). The E2F proteins regulate the expression of genes whose products are important for cell cycle progression. The inactivation Rb is catalyzed by CDK phosphorylation thereby releasing E2F during the G1-S phase cellular progression (3). Unchecked inactivation of Rb in G1 phase has been indicated as a universal mechanism underlying cellular transformation (4,5). While Rb has been the most studied among the pocket proteins, p107 and p130 have also been shown to be key regulators of E2F (6). Several studies have also provided evidence that p107/p130 provide different functions in E2F regulation than does Rb (6,7). Rb, p107, and p130 each contain a conserved ?A/B pocket?, which is the target of several viral oncoproteins, namely SV40 large T-antigen and adenovirus E1A (8).


Catalog Number: (10421-426)
Supplier: Bioss
Description: The pocket protein family consists of three structurally and functionally related proteins, Rb (retinoblastoma), p107, and p130. This family of tumor suppressors function to regulate important cellular transcription factors, such as the E2F family. The E2F proteins regulate the expression of genes whose products are important for cell cycle progression. The inactivation Rb is catalyzed by CDK phosphorylation thereby releasing E2F during the G1-S phase cellular progression. Unchecked inactivation of Rb in G1 phase has been indicated as a universal mechanism underlying cellular transformation . While Rb has been the most studied among the pocket proteins, p107 and p130 have also been shown to be key regulators of E2F. Several studies have also provided evidence that p107/p130 provide different functions in E2F regulation than does Rb. Rb, p107, and p130 each contain a conserved 'A/B pocket', which is the target of several viral oncoproteins, namely SV40 large T-antigen and adenovirus E1A. There are two isoforms.


Catalog Number: (89415-842)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: Akt1 Antibody: Akt1, initially identified as the cellular homolog to the retro-viral oncogene v-Akt, is part of the phosphatidyl 3'-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway that is activated by diverse cellular stimuli and regulates critical cellular functions such as cell growth, proliferation, and survival. Following phosphorylation of the second messenger PIP2 by PI3K, Akt1 translocates to the cell membrane where it is activated by phosphoinositide-dependent kinase (PDK) 1 and PDK2. The active Akt1 is then able to phosphorylate and activate its substrates, including those that are important for cell proliferation and survival such as TOR and the Bcl-2 homolog Bad. Negative regulation of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway is mainly accomplished by the lipid phosphatase activity of PTEN which catalyzes the conversion of PIP3 to PIP2, thereby preventing the activation of Akt1. Inactivation of this gene often results in excessive Akt1 activity, often leading to the formation of malignant tumors.


Catalog Number: (89415-686)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: OMI Antibody: Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) were initially identified in baculoviruses as proteins that inhibit apoptosis of the host cells to allow time for viral replication. Cellular homologues containing at least one baculoviral IAP repeat (BIR) motif essential for their anti-apoptosis activity have been identified in yeasts and higher organisms and often act by binding and inhibiting processed caspases. The activity of these proteins can be modulated by the expression of proteins such as Smac/DIABLO and XAF-1 which displace or prevent the binding of caspases by IAPs. Recently, a mitochondrial serine protease termed Omi/HtrA2 has been found to bind IAPs. Similar to Smac, Omi possesses a conserved IAP-binding motif, but acts to cleave IAPs to irreversibly inactivate IAPs and promote apoptosis.


Catalog Number: (89415-554)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: OMI Antibody: Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) were initially identified in baculoviruses as proteins that inhibit apoptosis of the host cells to allow time for viral replication. Cellular homologues containing at least one baculoviral IAP repeat (BIR) motif essential for their anti-apoptosis activity have been identified in yeasts and higher organisms and often act by binding and inhibiting processed caspases. The activity of these proteins can be modulated by the expression of proteins such as Smac/DIABLO and XAF-1 which displace or prevent the binding of caspases by IAPs. Recently, a mitochondrial serine protease termed Omi/HtrA2 has been found to bind IAPs. Similar to Smac, Omi possesses a conserved IAP-binding motif, but acts to cleave IAPs to irreversibly inactivate IAPs and promote apoptosis.


Catalog Number: (89146-304)
Supplier: Enzo Life Sciences
Description: RIG-I (retinoic acid-inducible gene I; Ddx58) and Mda5 (melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5, also known as Ifih1 or Helicard) are proteins that sense viral replication intermediates, such as double-stranded RNA and triggers the host antiviral programs. These molecules signal the downstream activation of NF-κB and IFN regulatory factor (IRF) -3, which coordinately regulate the expression of type-I interferons. Cardif (also called VISA/IPS-1/MAVS) is a CARD (caspase activation and recruitment domain)-containing adaptor protein that interacts with the CARD domain of RIG-I and Mda5, leading to the activation of NF-κB and IRF3. Cardif is located to the mitochondrial outer membrane. Removal of the mitochondrial-targeting domain of cardif abolishes its ability to induce IFNs. Cardif is cleaved and inactivated by NS3-4A, a serine protease from hepatitis C virus known to block interferon-β production.


Catalog Number: (75789-270)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: CD46 is a type I membrane protein containing four Sushi domains. CD46 is expressed by all cells except erythrocytes. CD46 has cofactor activity for inactivation of complement components C3b and C4b by serum factor I, which protects the host cell from damage by complement. It may be involved in the fusion of the spermatozoa with the oocyte during fertilization. CD46 also acts as a costimulatory factor for T-cells which induces the differentiation of CD4+ into T-regulatory 1 cells. T-regulatory 1 cells suppress immune responses by secreting interleukin-10, and therefore are thought to prevent autoimmunity. A number of viral and bacterial pathogens exploit this property and directly induce an immunosuppressive phenotype in T-cells by binding to CD46. CD46 acts as a receptor for the Edmonston strain of measles virus, human herpesvirus-6, and type IV pili of pathogenic Neisseria.


Catalog Number: (10749-682)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: Akt1 Antibody: Akt1, initially identified as the cellular homolog to the retro-viral oncogene v-Akt, is part of the phosphatidyl 3'-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway that is activated by diverse cellular stimuli and regulates critical cellular functions such as cell growth, proliferation, and survival. Following phosphorylation of the second messenger PIP2 by PI3K, Akt1 translocates to the cell membrane where it is activated by phosphoinositide-dependent kinase (PDK) 1 and PDK2. The active Akt1 is then able to phosphorylate and activate its substrates, including those that are important for cell proliferation and survival such as TOR and the Bcl-2 homolog Bad. Negative regulation of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway is mainly accomplished by the lipid phosphatase activity of PTEN which catalyzes the conversion of PIP3 to PIP2, thereby preventing the activation of Akt1. Inactivation of this gene often results in excessive Akt1 activity, often leading to the formation of malignant tumors.


Catalog Number: (75792-864)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: RIG-I (retinoic acid-inducible gene I; Ddx58) and MDA5 (melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5, also known as Ifih1 or Helicard) are proteins that sense viral replication intermediates, such as double-stranded RNA and triggers the host antiviral programs. These molecules signal the downstream activation of NF-kappaB and IFN regulatory factor (IRF) -3, which coordinately regulate the expression of type-I interferons. Cardif (also called VISA/IPS-1/MAVS) is a new CARD (caspase activation and recruitment domain)-containing adaptor protein that interacts with the CARD domain of RIG-I and MDA5, leading to the activation of NF-kappaB and IRF3. Cardif is located to the mitochondrial outer membrane. Removal of the mitochondrial-targeting domain of cardif abolishes its ability to induce IFNs. Cardif is cleaved and inactivated by NS3-4A, a serine protease from hepatitis C virus known to block interferon-beta production.


Catalog Number: (10749-520)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: OMI Antibody: Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) were initially identified in baculoviruses as proteins that inhibit apoptosis of the host cells to allow time for viral replication. Cellular homologues containing at least one baculoviral IAP repeat (BIR) motif essential for their anti-apoptosis activity have been identified in yeasts and higher organisms and often act by binding and inhibiting processed caspases. The activity of these proteins can be modulated by the expression of proteins such as Smac/DIABLO and XAF-1 which displace or prevent the binding of caspases by IAPs. Recently, a mitochondrial serine protease termed Omi/HtrA2 has been found to bind IAPs. Similar to Smac, Omi possesses a conserved IAP-binding motif, but acts to cleave IAPs to irreversibly inactivate IAPs and promote apoptosis.


Catalog Number: (10749-606)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: OMI Antibody: Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) were initially identified in baculoviruses as proteins that inhibit apoptosis of the host cells to allow time for viral replication. Cellular homologues containing at least one baculoviral IAP repeat (BIR) motif essential for their anti-apoptosis activity have been identified in yeasts and higher organisms and often act by binding and inhibiting processed caspases. The activity of these proteins can be modulated by the expression of proteins such as Smac/DIABLO and XAF-1 which displace or prevent the binding of caspases by IAPs. Recently, a mitochondrial serine protease termed Omi/HtrA2 has been found to bind IAPs. Similar to Smac, Omi possesses a conserved IAP-binding motif, but acts to cleave IAPs to irreversibly inactivate IAPs and promote apoptosis.


Supplier: Zymo Research
Description: Quick-DNA/RNA Viral MagBead kit is designed for high-throughput purification of viral DNA and/or RNA from plasma, serum, urine, cell culture media, blood, saliva, cellular suspensions, biopsies and swab and fecal samples stored in DNA/RNA Shield (for sample collection, nucleic acid preservation and inactivation of pathogens).

Catalog Number: (10368-400)
Supplier: Bioss
Description: Crucial silencing factor contributing to the initiation of X inactivation mediated by Xist RNA that occurs during embryogenesis and in lymphoma (By similarity). Binds to DNA at special AT-rich sequences, the consensus SATB1-binding sequence (CSBS), at nuclear matrix- or scaffold-associated regions. Thought to recognize the sugar-phosphate structure of double-stranded DNA. Transcriptional repressor controlling nuclear and viral gene expression in a phosphorylated and acetylated status-dependent manner, by binding to matrix attachment regions (MARs) of DNA and inducing a local chromatin-loop remodeling. Acts as a docking site for several chromatin remodeling enzymes (e.g. PML at the MHC-I locus) and also by recruiting corepressors (HDACs) or coactivators (HATs) directly to promoters and enhancers. Modulates genes that are essential in the maturation of the immune T-cell CD8SP from thymocytes. Required for the switching of fetal globin species, and beta- and gamma-globin genes regulation during erythroid differentiation. Plays a role in chromatin organization and nuclear architecture during apoptosis. Interacts with the unique region (UR) of cytomegalovirus (CMV). Alu-like motifs and SATB1-binding sites provide a unique chromatin context which seems preferentially targeted by the HIV-1 integration machinery. Moreover, HIV-1 Tat may overcome SATB1-mediated repression of IL2 and IL2RA (interleukin) in T-cells by binding to the same domain than HDAC1. Delineates specific epigenetic modifications at target gene loci, directly up-regulating metastasis-associated genes while down-regulating tumor-suppressor genes. Reprograms chromatin organization and the transcription profiles of breast tumors to promote growth and metastasis.


Catalog Number: (10368-394)
Supplier: Bioss
Description: Crucial silencing factor contributing to the initiation of X inactivation mediated by Xist RNA that occurs during embryogenesis and in lymphoma (By similarity). Binds to DNA at special AT-rich sequences, the consensus SATB1-binding sequence (CSBS), at nuclear matrix- or scaffold-associated regions. Thought to recognize the sugar-phosphate structure of double-stranded DNA. Transcriptional repressor controlling nuclear and viral gene expression in a phosphorylated and acetylated status-dependent manner, by binding to matrix attachment regions (MARs) of DNA and inducing a local chromatin-loop remodeling. Acts as a docking site for several chromatin remodeling enzymes (e.g. PML at the MHC-I locus) and also by recruiting corepressors (HDACs) or coactivators (HATs) directly to promoters and enhancers. Modulates genes that are essential in the maturation of the immune T-cell CD8SP from thymocytes. Required for the switching of fetal globin species, and beta- and gamma-globin genes regulation during erythroid differentiation. Plays a role in chromatin organization and nuclear architecture during apoptosis. Interacts with the unique region (UR) of cytomegalovirus (CMV). Alu-like motifs and SATB1-binding sites provide a unique chromatin context which seems preferentially targeted by the HIV-1 integration machinery. Moreover, HIV-1 Tat may overcome SATB1-mediated repression of IL2 and IL2RA (interleukin) in T-cells by binding to the same domain than HDAC1. Delineates specific epigenetic modifications at target gene loci, directly up-regulating metastasis-associated genes while down-regulating tumor-suppressor genes. Reprograms chromatin organization and the transcription profiles of breast tumors to promote growth and metastasis.


Catalog Number: (10368-398)
Supplier: Bioss
Description: Crucial silencing factor contributing to the initiation of X inactivation mediated by Xist RNA that occurs during embryogenesis and in lymphoma (By similarity). Binds to DNA at special AT-rich sequences, the consensus SATB1-binding sequence (CSBS), at nuclear matrix- or scaffold-associated regions. Thought to recognize the sugar-phosphate structure of double-stranded DNA. Transcriptional repressor controlling nuclear and viral gene expression in a phosphorylated and acetylated status-dependent manner, by binding to matrix attachment regions (MARs) of DNA and inducing a local chromatin-loop remodeling. Acts as a docking site for several chromatin remodeling enzymes (e.g. PML at the MHC-I locus) and also by recruiting corepressors (HDACs) or coactivators (HATs) directly to promoters and enhancers. Modulates genes that are essential in the maturation of the immune T-cell CD8SP from thymocytes. Required for the switching of fetal globin species, and beta- and gamma-globin genes regulation during erythroid differentiation. Plays a role in chromatin organization and nuclear architecture during apoptosis. Interacts with the unique region (UR) of cytomegalovirus (CMV). Alu-like motifs and SATB1-binding sites provide a unique chromatin context which seems preferentially targeted by the HIV-1 integration machinery. Moreover, HIV-1 Tat may overcome SATB1-mediated repression of IL2 and IL2RA (interleukin) in T-cells by binding to the same domain than HDAC1. Delineates specific epigenetic modifications at target gene loci, directly up-regulating metastasis-associated genes while down-regulating tumor-suppressor genes. Reprograms chromatin organization and the transcription profiles of breast tumors to promote growth and metastasis.


Catalog Number: (10368-396)
Supplier: Bioss
Description: Crucial silencing factor contributing to the initiation of X inactivation mediated by Xist RNA that occurs during embryogenesis and in lymphoma (By similarity). Binds to DNA at special AT-rich sequences, the consensus SATB1-binding sequence (CSBS), at nuclear matrix- or scaffold-associated regions. Thought to recognize the sugar-phosphate structure of double-stranded DNA. Transcriptional repressor controlling nuclear and viral gene expression in a phosphorylated and acetylated status-dependent manner, by binding to matrix attachment regions (MARs) of DNA and inducing a local chromatin-loop remodeling. Acts as a docking site for several chromatin remodeling enzymes (e.g. PML at the MHC-I locus) and also by recruiting corepressors (HDACs) or coactivators (HATs) directly to promoters and enhancers. Modulates genes that are essential in the maturation of the immune T-cell CD8SP from thymocytes. Required for the switching of fetal globin species, and beta- and gamma-globin genes regulation during erythroid differentiation. Plays a role in chromatin organization and nuclear architecture during apoptosis. Interacts with the unique region (UR) of cytomegalovirus (CMV). Alu-like motifs and SATB1-binding sites provide a unique chromatin context which seems preferentially targeted by the HIV-1 integration machinery. Moreover, HIV-1 Tat may overcome SATB1-mediated repression of IL2 and IL2RA (interleukin) in T-cells by binding to the same domain than HDAC1. Delineates specific epigenetic modifications at target gene loci, directly up-regulating metastasis-associated genes while down-regulating tumor-suppressor genes. Reprograms chromatin organization and the transcription profiles of breast tumors to promote growth and metastasis.


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