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Description: Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases. Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for presentation via MHC II molecules, and for this reason this antigen presentation pathway is usually referred to as exogenous. As membrane proteins on their way to degradation in lysosomes as part of their normal turn-over are also contained in the endosomal/lysosomal compartments, exogenous antigens must compete with those derived from endogenous components. Autophagy is also a source of endogenous peptides, autophagosomes constitutively fuse with MHC class II loading compartments. In addition to APCs, other cells of the gastrointestinal tract, such as epithelial cells, express MHC class II molecules and CD74 and act as APCs, which is an unusual trait of the GI tract. To produce a MHC class II molecule that presents an antigen, three MHC class II molecules (heterodimers of an alpha and a beta chain) associate with a CD74 trimer in the ER to form a heterononamer. Soon after the entry of this complex into the endosomal/lysosomal system where antigen processing occurs, CD74 undergoes a sequential degradation by various proteases, including CTSS and CTSL, leaving a small fragment termed CLIP (class-II-associated invariant chain peptide). The removal of CLIP is facilitated by HLA-DM via direct binding to the alpha-beta-CLIP complex so that CLIP is released. HLA-DM stabilizes MHC class II molecules until primary high affinity antigenic peptides are bound. The MHC II molecule bound to a peptide is then transported to the cell membrane surface.

Catalog Number: 10393-104

Supplier: Bioss

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Description: Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases. Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for presentation via MHC II molecules, and for this reason this antigen presentation pathway is usually referred to as exogenous. As membrane proteins on their way to degradation in lysosomes as part of their normal turn-over are also contained in the endosomal/lysosomal compartments, exogenous antigens must compete with those derived from endogenous components. Autophagy is also a source of endogenous peptides, autophagosomes constitutively fuse with MHC class II loading compartments. In addition to APCs, other cells of the gastrointestinal tract, such as epithelial cells, express MHC class II molecules and CD74 and act as APCs, which is an unusual trait of the GI tract. To produce a MHC class II molecule that presents an antigen, three MHC class II molecules (heterodimers of an alpha and a beta chain) associate with a CD74 trimer in the ER to form a heterononamer. Soon after the entry of this complex into the endosomal/lysosomal system where antigen processing occurs, CD74 undergoes a sequential degradation by various proteases, including CTSS and CTSL, leaving a small fragment termed CLIP (class-II-associated invariant chain peptide). The removal of CLIP is facilitated by HLA-DM via direct binding to the alpha-beta-CLIP complex so that CLIP is released. HLA-DM stabilizes MHC class II molecules until primary high affinity antigenic peptides are bound. The MHC II molecule bound to a peptide is then transported to the cell membrane surface.

Catalog Number: 10393-100

Supplier: Bioss

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Description: Sequence: Ac-D-Ala-OH

Catalog Number: F-1000.0025BA

Supplier: Bachem Americas

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Description: Sequence: H-DL-Ala-OEt · HCl

Catalog Number: F-2095.0250BA

Supplier: Bachem Americas

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Description: Sequence: Ac-Ala-OH

Catalog Number: E-1005.0250BA

Supplier: Bachem Americas

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Description: Sequence: Fmoc-D-Ala-OH · H₂O

Catalog Number: B-1020.0025BA

Supplier: Bachem Americas

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Description: Rabbit monoclonal [ARC1291] antibody to HLA-A + HLA-B for WB and ICC/IF with samples derived from Human.

Catalog Number: 77221-826

Supplier: ANTIBODIES.COM LLC

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Description: Sequence: Z-dehydro-Ala-OMe

Catalog Number: C-1540.0001BA

Supplier: Bachem Americas

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Catalog Number: C-2485.0025BA

Supplier: Bachem Americas

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Description: Sequence: Fmoc-β-Ala-OPfp

Catalog Number: B-1765.0025BA

Supplier: Bachem Americas

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Description: 1G CAS: 21064-18-6 C8H14N2O5 FW: 218.21

Catalog Number: G-1900.0001BA

Supplier: Bachem Americas

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Description: Also known as dioxopiperazines, piperazine-2,5-diones or DKPs. Diketopiperazines may occur as by-products during peptide synthesis or during the degradation of peptides. These cyclic dipeptides have been detected as taste-modulating compounds in food, they often show biological activity. DKPs are valuable chiral synthons, employed e.g. in Schöllkopf's versatile bislactim ether approach. They also have found use as catalysts for enantioselective synthesis, e.g. in the asymmetric Strecker reaction. See also the TRH metabolite cyclo(-His-Pro), G-1745, and cyclo(-Asp-Phe), G-1695, the major degradation product of aspartame.

Catalog Number: G-4770.1000BA

Supplier: Bachem Americas

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Description: The dipeptide Leu-Ala inhibits ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. It has been shown to act in vitro as an inhibitor of neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells.

Catalog Number: G-2460.0005BA

Supplier: Bachem Americas

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Description: HLA-DQA2 Peptide

Catalog Number: 77121-714

Supplier: Prosci

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Description: Sequence: Z-β-Ala-OH

Catalog Number: C-1015.0100BA

Supplier: Bachem Americas

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Description: A dipeptide found in pig brains which enhances synaptic transmission.

Catalog Number: G-1550.0250BA

Supplier: Bachem Americas

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