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Catalog Number: (10073-154)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: Autophagy, the process of bulk degradation of cellular proteins through an autophagosomic-lysosomal pathway is important for normal growth control and may be defective in tumor cells. It is involved in the preservation of cellular nutrients under starvation conditions as well as the normal turnover of cytosolic components (1,2). This process is negatively regulated by TOR (Target of rapamycin) through phosphorylation of autophagy protein APG1 (3). Another member of the autophagy family of proteins is APG7 which was identified in yeast as a ubiquitin-E1-like enzyme; this function is conserved in the mammalian homolog (4). In mammalian cells, APG7 is essential for autophagy conjugation systems, autophagosome formation, starvation-induced bulk degradation of proteins and organelles (5). It has been suggested that caspase-8 may alter APG7 levels and thus the APG7 program of autophagic cell death (6).


Catalog Number: (10072-450)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: M-CSF is a potent hematopoietic factor produced by a variety of cells including lymphocytes, monocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, myoblasts and osteoblasts. It is a key regulator of cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival of blood monocytes, tissue macrophages and their progenitor cells. M-CSF has been shown to play important roles in modulating dermal thickness, and male and female fertility. M-CSF is clinically used in the treatment of infection, malignancies and atherosclerosis. It facilitates hematopoietic recovery after bone marrow transplantation. The human is reactive in murine systems, but the murine molecule exhibits no activity on human cells. Recombinant murine M-CSF is a 36.4 kDa homodimeric protein containing two 156 amino acid polypeptide subunits.


Catalog Number: (10073-012)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: Amphiregulin is an EGF related growth factor that signals through the EGF/TGF-a receptor, and stimulates growth of keratinocytes, epithelial cells and some fibroblasts. Amphiregulin also inhibits the growth of certain carcinoma cell lines. Synthesized as a transmembrane protein, Amphiregulin’s extracellular domain is proteolytically processed to release the mature protein. There are 6 conserved cysteine residues, which form 3 intramolecular disulfide bonds essential for biological activity. Recombinant human Amphiregulin is a 11.3 kDa glycoprotein consisting of 98 amino acid residues.


Supplier: Prosci
Description: Prolactin is a neuroendocrine hormone secreted by the pituitary gland. Its primary function is to promote and maintain lactation during pregnancy and suckling. In addition, Prolactin plays an immune-regulatory role by stimulating the activities of ornithine decarboxylase and protein kinase C, which are important for the proliferation, differentiation, and function of lymphocytes. Recombinant human Prolactin is a 23 kDa globular protein containing 200 amino acid residues. Recombinant murine Prolactin is a 22.5 kDa globular protein containing 198 amino acid residues. Recombinant Rat Prolactin is a 22.6 kDa globular protein containing 198 amino acid residues.

Catalog Number: (10072-964)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: CXCL16 is a member of the CXC chemokine family and signals through the CXCR6 receptor. CXCL16 may play a role in attracting lymphocyte subsets during inflammation and may facilitate certain immune responses. The chemokine domain of CXCL16 contains six cysteine residues including the four highly conserved cysteine residues characteristic of CXC chemokines. The CXCL16 gene codes for a 273 amino acid polypeptide, which includes a 29 amino acid cytoplasmic domain and transmembrane sequence containing approximately 20 amino acids. The extracellular portion of CXCL16 contains a chemokines domain and an extended C-terminal ?mucin-like stalk? sequence. The extracellular domain contains 89 amino acid residues (86 a.a. residues for the murine homolog). Recombinant murine CXCL16 is a 9.9 kDa protein containing 88 amino acid residues.


Catalog Number: (10072-376)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: CTACK is a keratinocyte-derived CC chemokine which signals through the CCR10 receptor. Both CTACK and CCR10 are expressed in normal and irritated epithelial cells. CTACK selectively attracts CLA+ T-cells and directs them into the skin. CTACK contains the four highly conserved cysteine residues present in most CC chemokines. The mature protein contains 88 amino acid residues. Recombinant human CTACK is a 10.2 kDa protein containing 88 amino acid residues.


Supplier: Prosci
Description: IL-2 is a powerful immunoregulatory lymphokine produced by T-cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation. IL-2/IL-2R signaling is required for T-cell proliferation and other fundamental functions which are essential for the immune response. IL-2 stimulates growth and differentiation of B-cells, NK cells, lymphokine activated killer cells, monocytes, macrophages and oligodendrocytes. Recombinant murine IL-2 is a 17.2 kDa protein, containing 149 amino acid residues. Recombinant rat IL-2 is a 15.3 kDa protein containing 134 amino acid residues. Recombinant human IL-2 is a 15.5 kDa protein, containing 134 amino acid residues including one intrachain disulfide bond.

Catalog Number: (10072-616)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: BCMA, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, binds to BAFF and APRIL. BCMA is expressed on mature B-cells and other B-cell lines and plays an important role in B cell development, function and regulation. BCMA also has the capability to activate NF-kappaB and JNK. The human BCMA gene codes for a 184 amino acid type I transmembrane protein, which contains a 54 amino acid extracellular domain, a 23 amino acid transmembrane domain, and a 107 amino acid extracellular domain. Recombinant soluble BCMA is a 50 amino acid polypeptide (5.3 kDa) comprising the TNFR homologous region of the BCMA protein.


Supplier: Prosci
Description: Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) is a potent growth factor that stimulates the proliferation of various epidermal and epithelial cells. Additionally, EGF has been shown to inhibit gastric secretion, and to be involved in wound healing. EGF signals through a receptor known as c-erbB, which is a class I tyrosine kinase receptor. This receptor also binds with TGF-alpha and VGF (vaccinia virus growth factor).

Catalog Number: (10072-508)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: M-CSF is a potent hematopoietic factor produced by a variety of cells including lymphocytes, monocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, myoblasts and osteoblasts. It is a key regulator of cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival of blood monocytes, tissue macrophages and their progenitor cells. M-CSF has been shown to play important roles in modulating dermal thickness, and male and female fertility. M-CSF is clinically used in the treatment of infection, malignancies and atherosclerosis. It facilitates hematopoietic recovery after bone marrow transplantation. The human is reactive in murine systems, but the murine molecule exhibits no activity on human cells. Recombinant rat M-CSF is a 18.1 kDa homodimeric protein containing two 155 amino acid polypeptide subunits.


Catalog Number: (10072-722)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: FGF-5 is a secreted heparin binding growth factor that belongs to the FGF family. Proteins of this family play a central role during prenatal development and postnatal growth and regeneration of a variety of tissues, by promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation. FGF-5 binds to FGFR 1c and 2c, and plays a regulatory role in the hair growth cycle. Recombinant human FGF-5 is a 27.6 kDa protein consisting of 252 amino acid residues.


Catalog Number: (10073-018)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: Chemerin is a secreted chemoattractant protein that can signal through the chemokine like receptor-1 (CMKLR1). It is expressed in various tissues, including white adipose tissue, and circulates in blood as an inactive 143 amino acid precursor protein. Biologically active Chemerin is generated by proteolytic removal of C-terminal residues by several circulating proteases. Chemerin acts as a chemoattractant for cells expressing the CMKLR1 receptor, which includes certain dendritic cells, macrophages, and adipocytes. Recombinant human Chemerin is a 15.6 kDa protein consisting of 135 amino acid residues.


Supplier: Prosci
Description: IL-9 is an immunoregulatory cytokine produced by IL-2 activated Th2 lymphocytes. IL-9 enhances the proliferation of T lymphocytes, mast cells, erthroid precursor cells and megakaryoblastic leukemia cell lines. Over-expression of IL-9 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of anaplastic lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease. Whereas murine IL-9 can function on human cells, human IL-9 is inactive on mouse cells. Recombinant human IL-9 is a 14.0 kDa protein of 127 amino acid residues including 10 cysteine residues which are fully conserved between the human murine proteins. Recombinant rat IL-9 is a 14.3 kDa protein of 127 amino acid residues including 10 cysteine residues which are fully conserved between the human murine proteins.

Catalog Number: (10073-000)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: TECK is a CC chemokine, specifically expressed by thymic stromal cells, and signals through the CCR9 receptor. TECK is chemotactic towards activated macrophages, thymocytes and dendritic cells. Recombinant human TECK is a 14.2 kDa protein containing 127 amino acid residues, including the four conserved cysteine residues present in CC chemokines.


Catalog Number: (10072-462)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: APRIL, a member of the TNF superfamily, is expressed in monocytes, macrophages, certain transformed cell lines, certain cancers of colon, and lymphoid tissues. APRIL, along with another TNF family member, BAFF, compete for two receptors, TACI and BCMA. APRIL has the ability to stimulate proliferation of various tumor cell lines including Jurkat T cells and MCF-7 carcinoma cells. Like BAFF, APRIL also stimulates the proliferation of B and T cells. The human APRIL gene codes for at least four alternatively spliced transcriptional variants, which give rise to different isoforms of the APRIL precursor protein. All isoforms can be cleaved by the protease, furin, to release a soluble C-terminal fragment, which comprises the TNF like receptor binding of the APRIL precursor. Recombinant murine APRIL is a soluble 21.9 kDa protein, consisting of 192 amino acid residues.


Catalog Number: (10072-312)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: Methionine adenosyltransferase (EC 2.5.1.6) catalyzes the biosynthesis of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) from methionine and ATP. AdoMet is the major methyl donor for many of the transmethylation reactions in the body. The MAT2A promoter is highly GC rich, especially in the first 300 bp. The promoter contains several potential SP1-, v-myb-, and GATA-binding sites, as well as potential binding sites for C/EBP, HSF2, c-myb, and STATx. It can efficiently drive expression from a reporter gene in both Jurkat and 293 cells.


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