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Catalog Number: (76082-130)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: Nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) is a ubiquitous transcription factor and an essential mediator of gene expression during activation of immune and inflammatory responses. NFkB mediates the expression of a great variety of genes in response to extracellular stimuli including IL1, TNF alpha, and bacterial product LPS. NFkB is associated with IkB proteins in the cell cytoplasm, which inhibit NFkB activity. IKK is a serine protein kinase, and the IKK complex contains alpha and beta subunits (IKK alpha and IKK beta). IKK alpha and IKK beta interact with each other and both are essential for NFkB activation. IKK alpha specifically phosphorylates IkBa. IKKa is expressed in variety of human tissues.

Catalog Number: (76110-198)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: The cystatin superfamily is a well-established family of cysteine protease inhibitors. All true cystatins inhibit cysteine peptidases of the papain family, such as cathepsins, while some also inhibit legumain family enzymes. The CRES (cystatin-related epididymal spermatogenic) protein defines a new subgroup in the family 2 cystatins of the cystatin superfamily. CRES proteins lack two of the three consensus sites necessary for the cystatin inhibition of C1 cysteine proteases. Due to their expression patterns, it is likely that CRES proteins may perform unique and tissue-specific functions in the reproductive and neuroendocrine systems. As a member of the CRES subfamily, Cystatin 9, also designated CLM, is a 159 amino acid protein that is expressed in heart, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle and pancreas. Cystatin 9 is thought to play a role in hematopoietic differentiation or inflammation. It has also been shown to be upregulated by LPS in some cancer cell lines, such as promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) and myelomonocytic leukemia.

Catalog Number: (10749-712)

Supplier: Prosci

Description: IRAK2 Antibody: The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 induces cellular response through two subunits of its receptor, IL-1 receptor I (IL-1RI) and IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcP). IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) mediates activation of NF-kappa B, which is a pivotal transcription factor mediating inflammatory and immune response. A novel member in the IRAK/Pelle family has been identified and designated IRAK2. Both IRAK and IRAK2 recruit to the subunits of the IL-1R complex after IL-1 binding and lead to NF-kappa B activation. IRAKs also associate with Toll like receptor (TLR) and the dominant negative mutants of IRAKs inhibit LPS-induced NF-kB activation. Members in IRAK/Pelle family play a central role in IL-1R and TLR mediated inflammatory response. Unlike human IRAK2, murine IRAK2 exists as four alternately spliced isoforms (IRAK2a-d), with two isoforms (IRAK2c and d) acting in an inhibitory fashion. IRAK2 is expressed in a variety of tissues.

Catalog Number: (10340-276)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: MIP1 alpha and MIP1 beta were originally co-purified from medium conditioned by an LPS-stimulated murine macrophage cell line. Human MIP1 beta refers to the products of several independently cloned cDNAs, including Act2, PAT 744, hH400, G26, HIMAP, HC21, and MAD 5a. The predicted protein products of these cDNAs represent variants that are between 94% - 98% identical and these proteins are all approximately 75% homologous to murine MIP1 beta. MIP1 beta also shares approximately 70% amino acid identity with MIP1 alpha. MIP1 proteins are expressed primarily in T cells, B cells, and monocytes after antigen or mitogen stimulation. The MIP1 proteins have chemoattractant and adhesive effects on lymphocytes, with MIP1 alpha and MIP1 beta preferentially attracting CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, respectively. A signal transducing receptor designated the CC chemokine receptor 1 (CC CKR1) with seven transmembrane domains that binds MIP1 alpha, MIP1 beta, MCP1 and RANTES with varying affinities has been isolated.

Catalog Number: (76163-642)

Supplier: Prosci

Description: Cell-mediated immune responses are initiated by T lymphocytes that are themselves stimulated by cognate peptides bound to MHC molecules on antigen-presenting cells (APC). T-cell activation is generally self-limited as activated T cells express receptors such as PD-1 (also known as PDCD-1) that mediate inhibitory signals from the APC. PD-1 can bind two different but related ligands, PDL-1 and PDL-2. Upon binding to either of these ligands, signals generated by PD-1 inhibit the activation of the immune response in the absence of "danger signals" such as LPS or other molecules associated with bacteria or other pathogens. Evidence for this is seen in PD-1-null mice who exhibit hyperactivated immune systems and autoimmune diseases. PD-1 is thus one of a growing number of immune checkpoint proteins.

Catalog Number: (10391-638)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: IRGM belongs to a family of interferon-gamma inducible GTPases, belonging to the GTPase superfamily, and are selectively induced by IFN-gamma or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. IRGM is primarily expressed in all cells derived from B-cell lineages, and is highly expressed in macrophages following IFN-gamma stimulation. IRGM has been shown to be required for host defences against a broad range of intracellular pathogens. Specifically, IRGM deficient mice show defects with intracellular microbial killing, phagosome maturation and autophagy. More recently IRGM has been shown to inhibit baseline hematopoietic proliferation and is required for a normal hematopoietic stem cell response to chemical and infectious stimuli.

Catalog Number: (76108-004)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: COLEC11 is a 271 amino acid C-type lectin protein that contains a collagen-like domain and a carbohydrate recognition domain, and plays an important role in host-defense. COLEC11 binds to various sugars and LPS (lipopolysaccharides), which include fucose but does not bind to glucose, hnRNP, Beta-1,3-Gal-T3 or mannose. COLEC11 is ubiquitously expressed in most tissues with high expression in kidney, liver, fetal liver, small intestine, thymus, spinal cord, placenta, adrenal gland, pancreas and several cell lines. COLEC11 is a secreted protein and all alternatively spliced isoforms of COLEC11 have oligomeric structures created through disulfide bonding.

Catalog Number: (10366-156)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: Nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) is a ubiquitous transcription factor and an essential mediator of gene expression during activation of immune and inflammatory responses. NFkB mediates the expression of a great variety of genes in response to extracellular stimuli including IL1, TNF alpha, and bacterial product LPS. NFkB is associated with IkB proteins in the cell cytoplasm, which inhibit NFkB activity. IKK is a serine protein kinase, and the IKK complex contains alpha and beta subunits (IKK alpha and IKK beta). IKK alpha and IKK beta interact with each other and both are essential for NFkB activation. IKK alpha specifically phosphorylates IkBa. IKKa is expressed in variety of human tissues.

Catalog Number: (10748-300)

Supplier: Prosci

Description: TIRAP Antibody: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are signaling molecules that recognize different microbial products during infection and serve as an important link between the innate and adaptive immune responses. These proteins act through adaptor molecules such as TIRAP and MyD88 to activate various kinases and transcription factors. In TIRAP-deficient mice, TLR signaling in response to TLR2 ligands (using either TLR1 and TLR6 as co-receptors) is totally abolished, suggesting that MyD88 and TIRAP work together and are both required for TLR2 signaling. Furthermore, these mice are also resistant to the toxic effects of LPS and show defects in NF-kappa B and MAP kinase activation, suggesting that TIRAP is also involed in TLR4 signaling.

Catalog Number: (76163-714)

Supplier: Prosci

Description: PD-1 Antibody: Cell-mediated immune responses are initiated by T lymphocytes that are themselves stimulated by cognate peptides bound to MHC molecules on antig en-presenting cells (APC). T-cell activation is generally self-limited as activated T cells express receptors such as PD-1 (also known as PDCD-1) that mediate inhibitory signals from the APC. PD-1 can bind two different but related ligands, PDL-1 and PDL-2. Upon binding to either of these ligands, signals generated by PD-1 inhibit the activation of the immune response in the absence of "danger signals" such as LPS or other molecules associated with bacteria or other pathogens. Evidence for this is seen in PD1-null mice who exhibit hyperactivated immune systems and autoimmune diseases.

Catalog Number: (76163-708)

Supplier: Prosci

Description: PD-1 Antibody: Cell-mediated immune responses are initiated by T lymphocytes that are themselves stimulated by cognate peptides bound to MHC molecules on antig en-presenting cells (APC). T-cell activation is generally self-limited as activated T cells express receptors such as PD-1 (also known as PDCD-1) that mediate inhibitory signals from the APC. PD-1 can bind two different but related ligands, PDL-1 and PDL-2. Upon binding to either of these ligands, signals generated by PD-1 inhibit the activation of the immune response in the absence of "danger signals" such as LPS or other molecules associated with bacteria or other pathogens. Evidence for this is seen in PD1-null mice who exhibit hyperactivated immune systems and autoimmune diseases.

Catalog Number: (76163-710)

Supplier: Prosci

Description: PD-1 Antibody: Cell-mediated immune responses are initiated by T lymphocytes that are themselves stimulated by cognate peptides bound to MHC molecules on antig en-presenting cells (APC). T-cell activation is generally self-limited as activated T cells express receptors such as PD-1 (also known as PDCD-1) that mediate inhibitory signals from the APC. PD-1 can bind two different but related ligands, PDL-1 and PDL-2. Upon binding to either of these ligands, signals generated by PD-1 inhibit the activation of the immune response in the absence of "danger signals" such as LPS or other molecules associated with bacteria or other pathogens. Evidence for this is seen in PD1-null mice who exhibit hyperactivated immune systems and autoimmune diseases.

Catalog Number: (75789-720)

Supplier: Prosci

Description: Complement Factor H-Related 1 (CFHR1) is a 43 kDa secreted member of the factor H family of glycoproteins. The human Complement Factor H protein family consists of the complement and immune regulators factor H, the factor H-like protein 1 (FHL-1) and five factor H-related proteins (CFHR-1 to -5). Members of the H-related protein family are exclusively composed of individually folded protein domains, termed short consensus repeats (SCRs) or complement control modules. FHR1 is produced by hepatocytes and circulates as two differentially glycosylated isoforms (37 kDa and 43 kDa). Mature human FHR1 is 312 amino acids in length. It contains five, approximately 60 aa SCRs that basically constitute the entire molecule. FHR1 may play a role in complement regulation, lipid metabolism and lipoprotein complexes that bind PMNs to LPS.

Catalog Number: (10749-190)

Supplier: Prosci

Description: IRAK Monoclonal Antibody: Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) is a ubiquitous transcription factor and an essential mediator of gene expression during activation of immune and inflammatory responses. NF-kappa B mediates the expression of a great variety of genes in response to extracellular stimuli including IL-1, TNFalpha and LPS. A serine/threonine protein kinase associated with IL-1 receptor (IRAK) and its homologue mouse pelle-like protein kinase (mPLK) were identified recently. IRAK is associated with the IL-1 receptor subunits IL-1RI and IL-1RAcP after IL-1 binding and serves as a signaling molecule to mediate IL-1 response. IRAK mediates a signaling cascade leading to NF-kappa B activation by members in IL-1 family including IL-1 and a novel cytokine IL-18 (also termed IGIF).

Catalog Number: (89415-442)

Supplier: Prosci

Description: IKK gamma Antibody: Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) is a ubiquitous transcription factor and an essential mediator of gene expression during activation of immune and inflammatory responses. NF-kappa B mediates the expression of a great variety of genes in response to extracellular stimuli. NF-kappa B is associated with I kappa B proteins in the cell cytoplasm, which inhibit NF-kappa B activity. The I kappa B kinase (IKK alpha and IKK beta ) phosphorylates IkB and mediates NF-kappa B activation. A novel molecule in the IKK complex was recently identified and termed IKK gamma /NEMO/FIP3/IKKAP1. IKK gamma interacts with IKK beta and is required for the activation of IKK complex and NF-kappa B by LPS, PMA, TNF, and IL-1 stimulation. FIP3 was also shown to bind to RIP and NIK and to mediate TNF-induced NF-kappa B activation.

Catalog Number: (10087-794)

Supplier: Proteintech

Description: The orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR37, also known as PAELR (parkin-associated endothelin receptor-like receptor) or ETBR-LP-1 (endothelin B receptor-like protein 1), is a 613 aa, multi-pass membrane protein predominantly expressed in the brain. It is a substrate of parkin (PARK2). When overexpressed in cells, GPR37 tends to become insoluble, unfolded, and ubiquitinated in vivo. Accumulation of the unfolded protein may lead to dopaminergic neuronal death in juvenile Parkinson disease (JPD). This antibody recognizes endogenous GPR37, which migrates as an approximately 50-55 kDa band in SDS-PAGE .