You Searched For: Nickel+chromite

Description: Rockland produces a wide range of human GST antibodies in our laboratories. Select appropriate GST antibodies for your research by isotype, epitope, applications and species reactivity. There are 22 members of the human GST family of proteins. GST is responsible for the conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. The amino acid sequence GST is highly conserved in most organisms including mammals. GSTs proteins are typically homodimeric, with both heterologous GST dimers have been observed. GST monomers have an average molecular weight of approximately 25-28 kDa in size. Note a different form of non-human GST (Glutathione-S-Transferase) is used as a protein expression tag commonly in molecular biology applications. All anti-GST antibodies my not react with recombinant GST-fusion proteins.

Catalog Number: 76234-900

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

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Description: Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interferons (IFNs), cytokine KITLG/SCF and other cytokines and other growth factors. Following type I IFN (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) binding to cell surface receptors, signaling via protein kinases leads to activation of Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) and to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. The phosphorylated STATs dimerize and associate with ISGF3G/IRF-9 to form a complex termed ISGF3 transcription factor, that enters the nucleus. ISGF3 binds to the IFN stimulated response element (ISRE) to activate the transcription of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG), which drive the cell in an antiviral state. In response to type II IFN (IFN-gamma), STAT1 is tyrosine- and serine-phosphorylated. It then forms a homodimer termed IFN-gamma-activated factor (GAF), migrates into the nucleus and binds to the IFN gamma activated sequence (GAS) to drive the expression of the target genes, inducing a cellular antiviral state. Becomes activated in response to KITLG/SCF and KIT signaling. May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4.

Catalog Number: 10368-942

Supplier: Bioss

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Description: E2F6 encodes a member of the E2F transcription factor protein family. E2F family members play a crucial role in control of the cell cycle and of the action of tumor suppressor proteins. They are also a target of the transforming proteins of small DNA tumor viruses. Many E2F proteins contain several evolutionarily conserved domains: a DNA binding domain, a dimerization domain which determines interaction with the differentiation regulated transcription factor proteins (DP), a transactivation domain enriched in acidic amino acids, and a tumor suppressor protein association domain which is embedded within the transactivation domain. The encoded protein of this gene is atypical because it lacks the transactivation and tumor suppressor protein association domains. It contains a modular suppression domain and is an inhibitor of E2F-dependent transcription. The protein is part of a multimeric protein complex that contains a histone methyltransferase and the transcription factors Mga and Max.

Catalog Number: 10105-102

Supplier: Prosci

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Description: The c-Jun proto-oncogene was first identified as the cellular homolog of the avian sarcoma virus v-Jun oncogene. The c-Jun protein, along with c-Fos, is a component of the AP-1 transcriptional complex. c-Jun can form either Jun/Jun homodimers or Jun/Fos heterodimers via the leucine repeats in both proteins. Jun B and Jun D, have been shown to be almost identical to c-Jun in their C-terminal regions, which are involved in dimerization and DNA binding, whereas their N-terminal domains, which are involved in transcriptional activation, diverge. JunB is involved in many types of human carcinoma including T-cell lymphomas, CML,primary cutaneous lymphomas. Aberrantly expressed c-Jun and JunB are a hallmark of Hodgkin lymphoma cells, stimulate proliferation and synergize with NF-kappa B. JunB potentiates function of BRCA1 activation domain 1 (AD1) through a coiled-coil-mediated interaction.JunB is an important regulator of erythroid Differentiation.

Catalog Number: 10107-006

Supplier: Prosci

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Description: Most upstream protease of the activation cascade of caspases responsible for the TNFRSF6/FAS mediated and TNFRSF1A induced cell death. Binding to the adapter molecule FADD recruits it to either receptor. The resulting aggregate called death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs CASP8 proteolytic activation. The active dimeric enzyme is then liberated from the DISC and free to activate downstream apoptotic proteases. Proteolytic fragments of the N-terminal propeptide (termed CAP3, CAP5 and CAP6) are likely retained in the DISC. Cleaves and activates CASP3, CASP4, CASP6, CASP7, CASP9 and CASP10. May participate in the GZMB apoptotic pathways. Cleaves ADPRT. Hydrolyzes the small-molecule substrate, Ac-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-|-AMC. Likely target for the cowpox virus CRMA death inhibitory protein. Isoform 5, isoform 6, isoform 7 and isoform 8 lack the catalytic site and may interfere with the pro-apoptotic activity of the complex.

Catalog Number: 76116-350

Supplier: Bioss

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Description: PDGFs are disulfide-linked dimers consisting of two 12.0-13.5 kDa polypeptide chains, designated PDGF-A and PDGF-B chains. The three naturally occurring PDGFs, PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB and PDGF-AB, are potent mitogens for a variety of cell types, including smooth muscle cells, connective tissue cells, bone and cartilage cells, and some blood cells. The PDGFs are stored in platelet α-granules, and are released upon platelet activation. The PDGFs are involved in a number of biological processes, including hyperplasia, chemotaxis, embryonic neuron development, and respiratory tubule epithelial cell development. Two distinct signaling receptors used by PDGFs have been identified and named PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β. PDGFR-α is high-affinity receptor for each of the three PDGF forms. On the other hand, PDGFR-β interacts with only PDGF-BB and PDGF-AB. Recombinant Human PDGF-AA is a 28.5 kDa disulfide-linked homodimer of two α chains (250 total amino acids).

Catalog Number: 10771-902

Supplier: Peprotech

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Description: PDGFs are disulfide-linked dimers consisting of two 12.0-13.5 kDa polypeptide chains, designated PDGF-A and PDGF-B chains. The three naturally occurring PDGFs, PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB and PDGF-AB, are potent mitogens for a variety of cell types, including smooth muscle cells, connective tissue cells, bone and cartilage cells, and some blood cells. The PDGFs are stored in platelet α-granules, and are released upon platelet activation. The PDGFs are involved in a number of biological processes, including hyperplasia, chemotaxis, embryonic neuron development, and respiratory tubule epithelial cell development. Two distinct signaling receptors used by PDGFs have been identified and named PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β. PDGFR-α is a high-affinity receptor for each of the three PDGF forms. On the other hand, PDGFR-β interacts with only PDGF-BB and PDGF-AB. Recombinant Human PDGF-BB is a 24.3 kDa disulfide-linked homodimer of two β chains (218 total amino acids).

Catalog Number: 10771-920

Supplier: Peprotech

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Description: Members of the Id family of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins include Id1 (1–3), Id2 (4), Id3 and Id4 (5). They are ubiquitously expressed and dimerize with members of the class A and B HLH proteins (1–5). Due to the absence of the basic region, the resulting heterodimers cannot bind DNA. The Id-type proteins thus appear to negatively regulate DNA binding of bHLH proteins. Since Id1 inhibits DNA binding of E12 and Myo D, it apparently functions to inhibit muscle-specific gene expression. Under conditions that facilitate muscle cell differentiation, the Id protein levels fall, allowing E12 and/or E47 to form heterodimers with Myo D and myogenin, which in turn activate myogenic differentiation. It has been shown that expression of each of the Id proteins is strongly dependent on growth factor activation and that reduction of Id mRNA levels by antisense oligonucleotides leads to a delayed reentry of arrested cells into the cell cycle following growth factor stimulation.

Catalog Number: 10452-236

Supplier: Bioss

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Description: Interleukin 31 (IL-31) is a recently discovered T-cell cytokine closely related to IL-6 type cytokines and is preferentially produced by T helper type 2 cells. IL-31 activity is mediated through the ligand-induced oligomerization of a dimeric receptor complex containing IL-31 receptor A and oncostatin M receptor. In response to IL-31 binding, these proteins activate the JAK/STAT and the AKT signaling pathways. RNA levels of IL-31 receptor A and oncostatin M receptor are induced in activated monocytes but are expressed constitutively in epithelial cells. IL-31, when overexpressed in transgenic mice, results in the development of pruritis, alopecia and skin lesions, and in humans may result in atopic dermatitis, suggesting that IL-31 may represent a novel target for antipruritic drug development.

Catalog Number: 10098-330

Supplier: Prosci

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Description: PDGFs are disulfide-linked dimers consisting of two 12.0-13.5 kDa polypeptide chains, designated PDGF-A and PDGF-B chains. The three naturally occurring PDGFs, PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB and PDGF-AB, are potent mitogens for a variety of cell types, including smooth muscle cells, connective tissue cells, bone and cartilage cells, and some blood cells. The PDGFs are stored in platelet α-granules, and are released upon platelet activation. The PDGFs are involved in a number of biological processes, including hyperplasia, chemotaxis, embryonic neuron development, and respiratory tubule epithelial cell development. Two distinct signaling receptors used by PDGFs have been identified and named PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β. PDGFR-α is a high-affinity receptor for each of the three PDGF forms. On the other hand, PDGFR-β interacts with only PDGF-BB and PDGF-AB. Recombinant Human PDGF-BB is a 24.3 kDa disulfide-linked homodimer of two β chains (218 total amino acids).

Catalog Number: 10781-686

Supplier: Peprotech

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Description: Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interferons (IFNs), cytokine KITLG/SCF and other cytokines and other growth factors. Following type I IFN (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) binding to cell surface receptors, signaling via protein kinases leads to activation of Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) and to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. The phosphorylated STATs dimerize and associate with ISGF3G/IRF-9 to form a complex termed ISGF3 transcription factor, that enters the nucleus. ISGF3 binds to the IFN stimulated response element (ISRE) to activate the transcription of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG), which drive the cell in an antiviral state. In response to type II IFN (IFN-gamma), STAT1 is tyrosine- and serine-phosphorylated. It then forms a homodimer termed IFN-gamma-activated factor (GAF), migrates into the nucleus and binds to the IFN gamma activated sequence (GAS) to drive the expression of the target genes, inducing a cellular antiviral state. Becomes activated in response to KITLG/SCF and KIT signaling. May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4.

Catalog Number: 10368-926

Supplier: Bioss

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Description: UCP2 (uncoupling protein 2) is a member of the mitochondrial carrier protein super family located in the mitochondrial inner membrane. The UCPs differ greatly in tissue distribution: UCP1 is expressed only in brown adipose; UCP3 preferentially in skeletal muscle, brown adipose and heart; UCP4 and UCP5 mainly in the nervous system (18167556). In contract, UCP2 has a broad distribution and is implicated in a wide range of pathophysiological processes, including diabetes and cancer. This antibody detect a band around 28-33 kDa corresponding to UCP2 protein in mouse liver, skeletal muscle and pancreas. Some upper and lower bands also were observed due to the dimer formation and degradation of the UCP2 protein (20103532). This antibody was raised against the full-length UCP2 protein and may cross-react with UCP3. It is notable that UCP2 is known to have a very short half-life less than 1 hour (17240372). It is strongly recommended that fresh-made lyate be used for western blot assays.

Catalog Number: 10096-718

Supplier: Proteintech

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Description: Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interferons (IFNs), cytokine KITLG/SCF and other cytokines and other growth factors. Following type I IFN (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) binding to cell surface receptors, signaling via protein kinases leads to activation of Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) and to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. The phosphorylated STATs dimerize and associate with ISGF3G/IRF-9 to form a complex termed ISGF3 transcription factor, that enters the nucleus. ISGF3 binds to the IFN stimulated response element (ISRE) to activate the transcription of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG), which drive the cell in an antiviral state. In response to type II IFN (IFN-gamma), STAT1 is tyrosine- and serine-phosphorylated. It then forms a homodimer termed IFN-gamma-activated factor (GAF), migrates into the nucleus and binds to the IFN gamma activated sequence (GAS) to drive the expression of the target genes, inducing a cellular antiviral state. Becomes activated in response to KITLG/SCF and KIT signaling. May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4.

Catalog Number: 10368-948

Supplier: Bioss

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Description: Hemostasis following tissue injury involves the deployment of essential plasma procoagulants (Prothrombin and Factors X, IX, V and VIII), which are involved in a blood coagulation cascade that leads to the formation of insoluble Fibrin clots and the promotion of platelet aggregation. Coagulation Factor X (Stuart Prower factor, FX, F10) is a vitamin K-dependent, single chain serine protease that is synthesized in the liver and circulates as an inactive precursor. The mature form of Factor X (Factor X A) is generated by Factor IX A- or Factor VII A-mediated cleavage at the tripeptide sequence, Arg-Lys-Arg, to yield a disulfide linked dimer. Together with the cofactor Factor V A and Ca2+ on the surface of platelets or endothelial cells, Factor X A coordinates as part of the prothrombinase complex, which mediates proteolysis of Prothrombin into active Thrombin. Mutations at the Factor X locus resulting in Factor X deficiencies can contribute to hemorrhagic diathesis.

Catalog Number: 10490-486

Supplier: Bioss

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Description: The Isocitrate dehydrogenase cytoplasmic enzyme is a homodimer of 416 residues that belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family. IDHC catalyzes the third step of the citric acid cycle, which involves the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate, forming ?ketoglutarate and CO2 in a two step reaction. The first step involves the oxidation of isocitrate to the intermediate oxalosuccinate, while the second step involves the production of ?ketoglutarate. During this process, either NADH or NADPH is produced along with CO2. Ca2+ can bind to IDHC as a complex with isocitrate, acting as a competitive inhibitor of Mg2+. The IDHC enzyme is inactivated by phosphorylation at Ser-113 and contains a clasp-like domain wherein both polypeptide chains in the dimer interlock. IDHC is expressed in a wide range of species and also in organisms that lack a complete citric acid cycle.

Catalog Number: 10493-692

Supplier: Bioss

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Description: The hemoglobin molecule is a tetramer consisting of two alpha- and two beta-globin-like chains. HBA1 (hemoglobin alpha chain) protein is a alpha-type chain of hemoglobin encoded by two independent genes (HBA1 and HBA2) whose coding sequences are identical. Two alpha chains coupled with two beta chains constitute the adult hemoglobin (HbA or α2β2). HBA1 is also the component of fetal hemoglobin (HbF or α2γ2). This antibody detects a major band around 14-16 kDa in the western blot analysis of heart tissue and K-562 cells. A higher band around 26-27 kDa can also be observed occasionally, which may represents the dimer form of HBA1 (20836851). This antibody may cross-react with other hemoglobin chains.

Catalog Number: 10088-060

Supplier: Proteintech

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